What are the battery insulation coatings? Comprehensive analysis of mainstream types and application scenarios
In new energy equipment such as lithium batteries and power batteries, insulating coatings prevent short circuit, leakage and other problems by isolating the internal conductive parts of the battery, which is a key material to improve battery safety and service life. According to the composition and performance differences, battery insulation coatings can be divided into the following types:
1. Epoxy resin insulation coating
Characteristics: Epoxy resin coating has excellent adhesion, mechanical strength and chemical corrosion resistance, and can form a dense and high hardness insulation layer after curing.
Application scenario: It is mainly used in high energy density scenarios such as lithium-ion batteries and energy storage batteries, especially for battery shells or polar ear insulation that need to withstand mechanical impact.
Advantages: High temperature resistance (up to more than 150℃), resistance to electrolyte erosion, suitable for power batteries and other high requirements.
2. Polyurethane insulation coating
Characteristics: Polyurethane coating has both flexibility and wear resistance, the coating elasticity is good, and it is not easy to crack due to the volume change during battery charging and discharging.
Application scenario: Applicable to scenarios that require frequent deformation, such as flexible batteries and wearable device batteries, or battery packs that require weather resistance (such as outdoor energy storage devices).
Advantages: outstanding low temperature resistance (-40℃ still remains elastic), anti-ultraviolet aging, suitable for large temperature difference environment.
3. Acrylic insulation coating
Features: Acrylic coating is based on water-based environmental protection formula, fast drying speed, low volatile organic compounds (VOC) content.
Application scenario: Widely used in consumer electronic products (such as mobile phones, laptops) battery insulation, in line with environmental regulations.
Advantages: convenient construction, non-toxic and harmless, suitable for rapid coating of large-scale production lines.
4. Silicone (silicone) insulation coating
Features: Silicone coating has excellent high temperature resistance, can work stably above 200℃ for a long time, and has excellent electrical insulation.
Application scenario: Suitable for power batteries in high temperature environments (such as electric vehicle battery packs) or industrial batteries requiring extreme temperature tolerance.
Advantages: Heat aging, strong hydrophobicity, can effectively prevent the deterioration of battery performance caused by moisture intrusion.
5. Fluorocarbon resin insulating coating
Characteristics: Fluorocarbon coating is highly resistant to chemical corrosion, and the surface energy is low, not easy to attach pollutants.
Application scenario: Used for batteries with strong electrolyte corrosion (such as sodium-sulfur batteries) or energy storage systems requiring long-term antifouling.
Advantages: Long service life, suitable for harsh working conditions.
6. Ceramic based insulating coating
Features: Inorganic ceramic particles as filler, high coating hardness, high temperature resistance (> 500℃), stable insulation performance.
Application scenarios: Special batteries (such as aerospace and military fields) or scenarios requiring extreme insulation protection.
Advantages: No combustion risk, high fire resistance rating.
How to choose the right battery insulation coating?
Battery type: epoxy resin or silicone coatings are used for lithium-ion batteries. Flexible batteries tend to be polyurethane.
Working environment: high temperature environment requires silicone or ceramic coatings; Fluorocarbons or epoxies are preferred for humid environments.
Process requirements: Automatic production line tends to fast dry acrylic paint; Hand coated with optional epoxy resin.
There are various types of battery insulation coatings, which need to be selected according to the battery design, use scenario and cost. With the progress of new energy technologies, new materials such as nanocomposite coatings and UV-curable coatings are also emerging, further promoting the improvement of battery safety and energy efficiency.